Shoe nail



May 19', 1931.` .1, H. POPE 1,805,553

SHOE NAIL Original Filed June 16, 1920 fig. 5.

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n@ ver Patented May 19, 1931 UNlTEn STATES.;

PATE-NT'OFFICE JosEPH H. Porn; or' HAMILTON; MASSACHUSETTS, ifissrofnortTo UNITED SHOE MA;

CHINERY CORPORATION ork Parnassia, NEW JnRsEY, A CORPORATION 'or yNEWJERSEY i s .sIIoE NAIL original applicati@ slee rune 1e, 192e,Y sef'ii110.289,39?. "Divided and this appucation med october 25, 1926. SerialNo. 143,971.

Thev present invention relates to fastening devices for shoes, 1t more.particularly concerning nails adapted forthesecuring of heels Y toshoe-bottomss An object of the invention 1s to provide a nail or likefastening by which there may be obtained a firm union betweentheshoe-parts.' An example cfa highly useful application of thisinvention is yfound in the attachmentof heels of the Louis type7 which,from a tread n 0f small diameterand a still smaller neck rising from thetread, expand by a sharp curvature to a much greater diameter at the.heelseat.. `To drive the attaching nails 'straight through such a heelvertically to the treadsurface, causes their clinching in the shoebottomtobe so Widely separated'from the edge of the heel-seat-end as toproduce littlek resistance to gaping at therand-crease. ,Ify the nailsare driven in an inclined direction',k

only a small divergence can be given to entering extremities if theirbodies are to remain Within the Walls of the contracted portion `of theheel. The nails of this invention may be kept safely Within the neck ofthe heel, and

tion when this is driven,v Vand a guide-projecf v tion in the form of aradial fin extending longitudinally of the Abody-portionl andlarvvranged to determine the direction of the de` 1 fiection. Thisprojection isprefe'rably from the side of the body of the nail inproximity' to but spaced from the vend oppositethev point as Well asfrom said point, and bearsfa definite extension ofthebody beyond theguide-pwjection gives a portionto'receive a toplift when the projectionis' in contactwitlr the treadend of the kbody ofthe heel. In theaccompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 shows infsideelevationa portion'of a shoeY with `its heelattached by one form of` my invention y Fig. 2 is a' plan view of thebottoni of body of the heel before thek application of the top-lift; Y

F 3 illustrates the heel-body partially pricked or perforated inpreparation for driving the nails; s

Fig. is a'broken perspective vieW'Of one of my .improvednails; y

` Fig. 5 is a partial front elevation of'a heelattachingmachine by Whichthesenails may be driven; 1 y y F.ig.;6 is an enlarged,sectionalv detailtaken through the loading device and die-'block of the machine,fwith ashoe to be heeled upon Y its jack and in co-operation with thedieblock;and

Fig.l 7 is a topy plan View of the nail-receiv` ing cylindery mountedupon the loading device.-

At in Fig. l appears the bottom counter-portion of a shoe having'attached to it a4 heel Hof the Louis typ'e',the body of which! hasvneck-portion l0 4of relatively smalll diameter; expanding slightly tothe treadend 12`and'heavily in the opposite direction Y to theheelfseat-'end 14,1the rear and sides of the heel thus being upon ogeecurves. The transverse dimension ofthe neck l0 may be as little asfive-eighths of an inch7 While at the heel-seat thel diameter may benearly three times this. Vere A the attaching nails N' driven straightthrough the heel into the shoetread-surface, they Wouldcome Within'anbottom ina direction at right angles to the 's area ztpproizimatelyvr ofa ten cent piece, and

- bottom` at the points illustrated in* Fig.

angular relation to the inclined surface.V They theywould asindicateflafm, lie' RIHIOS 25' the surface of therneck, AWherel they might bestruck byY the rtrimming knife, 'injuringv this "i "N, preferablyin themanner described below.

, and spoilingthe heels; To keep the nails,V i

L in Fig. 5, this having a frame 16 carrying a die-block 18, with whichco-operate a jack or work-support 20, reciprocatory drivers 22 and anoscillatory loa ding device or devices 24, each loading device includinga loaderblock 26. Insteadof containing the usual nail-receiviingpassages, the die-block and loader-block, since the nails used with thetype of heels now under consideration are lon are each bored to receivevertical, cylint rical holders 28 and 30, respectively, extending'abovethe blocks and held in place by set-screws 32. Both holders are fixed asto their angular position about their longitudinal axes by keys 34,which are seated in recesses in the blocks. are vertical nail-receivingpassages 36 grouped according to the points at which the nails aie toenter a heel H, pressed against the under side of the die-block andagainst the bottom of the shoe S which is jacked upon the work-support20. When the loadercylinder 3() is in the nail-delivering position overthe die-cylinder 28, the two sets of passages 36 are in verticalalineinent, so that the nails in the former,releasedbytheusualshutterineclianisin, Will fall directly into thepassages oi the latter, there resting with their points upon the heel.Extending longitudinally of each of the nail-receiving passages in bothholders and opening therefrom are slots 38 to admit lateralguide-projections 40 from the heel-attaching nails N. Each of theseprojections is in the form of a small fin struck out of the body of anail, so that it is situated between depressions. The thickness of thisfin is less than the diameter of the nail,

andV itextends longitudinally at one side, in proximity to but somewhatremoved from the end opposite the heel-entering point. This point 42 ispreferably formed by a surface 44 inclined, as by cutting or bending,from one side of the body to the other and bearing a definite angularrelation about the longitudinal axis of said body to the projection 40.it being here shown as diainctrically opposite to it. The body at otherthan the point is preferably of substantially uniform diameterthroughout, giving, beyond the projection, a portion suitable to retaina toplift pressed upon it. When the nails are inserted in theloader-passages, the combined relation between the slots 88, projections40 and the heel H positioned upon the jacked shoe, presents thenail-points to the treadsurface of the lieel-body with the inclinedsurfaces turned inwardly from the corresponding elements of the outercurved surface of the heel, opposite which the nails are to'be driven.The angular positions of all these parts are clearly shown in Figs. 2and 7. Since, when the nails are dropped into the passages in theloader-cylinder 30, but a relatively small portion have theirprojectionsy fortuitously alined with the slots 38, I prefer Through theholders to provide means foi turning the other nails about theirlongitudinal axes, so that the projections will be caused automaticallyto enter the slots. As herein illustrated, this means consists ofinclined surfaces 46 situated between tlie slots at their upperextremities. these surfaces being furnished by a frusto-l conical endofthe cylinder 30. After the point of a nail has been introduced intoone of the passages 36 of the cylinder 30 and dropped, its weight, whenthe projection 40 strikes a surface 46, causes the nail to rotate aboutits axis until the projection enters the slot, allowing said nail toproceed properly along the passage to the alined passage in thedie-cylinder 28. Y Y

In attaching a shoe-heel by the use of. nails N, since, to obtain thebest results, the paths to be first followed by the nails should besubstantially vertical to the tread-surfaceof the heel H which is to beattached to the shoe S, this heel is first perforated, as indicated at48 in Fig. 3 of the drawings, by any suitable form of pricking machineto a depth at which 'the inner ends of the perforations are at or nearthe transverse plane of the heel at which the neck-portion begins toexpand toward the lieel-seat-end. This having been accomplished, theheel is associated with the jacked shoe in the attaching machine L, andforced in the customary manner against the die-block beneath thenail-passages in the die-cylinder 28. A load of nails N is dropped intothe loader-cylinder 30, their projections 40 either directly enteringthe slots 38 or being turned into co-operation therewith by theircontact with the surfaces 46. This loadis transferred to the die-block,by which the nails are presented to the heel, and the loader being swungback to its initial position, the drivers 22 desceiid'and force thenails into the heel. At first, as they pass through the prickedperforations,their paths are straight, as determined by suchperforations, but when the points 42 penetrate the material of the heelat the ends of the perforations,the resistance opposing their advanceexerts a component of force acting at right angles yto the axes of thenails. This causes their gradual divergence from straight lines indirections opposite to the inclines 44, or toward the outside ofy theheel, these portions of the paths being curvilinear, as appears in Figs.l and 6 of the drawing. Such paths, being maintained iii the properrelation to the outside of the heel by the perforations and by therelation between the guideslots 38 and the nail-surfaces 44, cause thenails at all points between the tread-end and the lieel-seat-end to besufficiently removed from the sides so there is no danger of theirrbreaking through or being struck by the trimming knife, and still thenails are brought to such clinching'poiiits 5011i the shoe-bottom thatthey are relatively close to the rand-crease, holding this againstgaping.

The curvature ofthe nail-paths beyond the extremities of theperforations 48 Will depend u upon the character of the resistanceoffered to them and upon the inclination of the surfaces 44. This lastfactor is a controllable one, the degree of'divergence `from a straightpath varying inversely as the inclinationof the point. That is, thesharper the point or the more acute its angle With respect to thelongitudinal axis of the nail, the less Will bethe departure of the'nailfromV the vertical. Consequently, by properly forming the points' of thenails, they may be caused to closely folloW the sides of heels ofdifferent contour and to emerge into the desired proximity to therand-crease. The kaction of the drivers 22 continues until theprojection 40 strikes and bears With some pressure against the treadendof the heel-body, it performing, in addition to its angular positioningfunction, that of the fiange upon the well-known collarnail', holdingthe heel-lifts Vagainst separation. Upon the extremities 52 of nailsWhich' project beyond the tread-end, a top-lift T is then spanked by theheel-attaching machine L in the usual manner, thus completing the jheeling operation.

A shoe in which the nail of the present in- Y vention is employed andthe method of heeling such a shoe herein disclosed are made the subjectof an application filed J une 16, 1920, and bearing the Serial No.389,397, of Which this case is a division, the application havingmatured into Letters Patent of the United States, No. 1,631,155 onrJune7, 1927. The

machine disclosed herein, by which the nail may be driven in performingthe just-mentioned method, is claimed in co-pending application SerialNo. 143,972, filed October 25, 1926. 7

Having described my invention, what IV claim as newl and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States is: u ,a 1. A shoe-nailcomprising a body-portion having a point with an inclined surface.arrangedto Vcause the deflection of the body in a predeterminedrelation to a shoe when :the nail is driven, anda radial guide-fin ofless Width laterally of thebody thanjsaid a radial guide-fin extendinglongitudinally ofthe body and arranged to determine the direction'ofydeflection, said fin being spaced from the endof the body opposite thepoint to give a portion to receive and retain a toplift Whenthen is incontact with the treadsurface of the bodyfof a heel.

4. A shoe-nail comprising a body having an inclined' end, the body fromsaid in-v l JOSEPH H. Porn.

body and extending longitudinally ofthe bodyat the side oppositevthe`inclined @surface. i

2. A shoe-nail comprising a bodyhaving i.

a point with .an inclined surface arranged to cause deflection of thebody When the nail 'is driven, and a guide-projection from the bodyarranged yto determine the direction of deflection, said projectionbeing spaced from the end of the body opposite the point'togive aportion to receive and retain a top-lift Y when the projection is incontact With kthe tread-surface of the body of a heel.

3. A shoe-nail comprisinga body with an f inclined point arranged tocause the deiiec- V tion of the body When the nail is driven, and

